The correct answer is D) An apparently longer survival time among persons identified during a screening program because they were identified at an earlier stage of their disease
Explanation:
In medicine, screening is a method to diagnose diseases even if the person has no symptoms; due to this, screening is related to earlier detection of diseases than traditional diagnosis based on symptoms. Early diagnosis does not imply longer survival time, but it can lead to doctors or individuals to perceive the survival time was longer, this phenomenon is known as lead-time bias.
For example, a person diagnosed with cancer at an early stage when he is 45 years old, dies at 50 years old, this means his survival time was 5 years. If the same person is diagnosed at 48 years based on symptoms and he dies at 50 it seems the survival time is less (2 years); however, this is biased as the diagnosis did not change the effect of the disease. According to this, lead-time bias can be described as "an apparently longer survival time among persons identified during a screening program because they were identified at an earlier stage of their disease".
Answer:
CD4 cells are a type of immune cell found in the human body. These cells protect us from infections. CD4 count is a measurement of the number of CD4 cells in a blood sample. It is also used to monitor the progression of HIV infection.
In an HIV-negative adult, the normal range of CD4 count is 500-1500 mm3.
In AIDS there is the destruction of the blood CD4 lymphocytes by the virus.
Explanation:
CD4 cells are a type of immune cell that is found in the blood. This cell count is a measure of the number of these cells in a milliliter of blood. It is an important indicator of immune health.
When the CD4 count gets lower than 200 mm3 the patient is more prone to get opportunistic infections like rare fungal infections, Tuberculosis, Mycobacterial infections, parasitic infections, etc.
The CD4 count is used to measure to identify an immune deficiency in people.
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Answer:
Begin CPR.
Explanation:
For an unwitnessed cardiac arrest, assuming you have already conducted a scene size up and ensured your own personal safety and there is no breathing or no pulse you should begin CPR. It's important to provide high quality chest compressions and rescue breathing at the proper rate dependent on the victim's age and the number of rescuers since the ratio can change due to these factors.
Single Rescuer Adult: 30:2
Two Rescuer Adult: 30:2
Single Rescuer Child/Infant: 30:2
Two Rescuer Child/Infant: 15:2
