A mutation is a change in a DNA sequence brought about either by a mistake made when the DNA is copied or through chemical damage. Regions of the genome (called genes) provide instructions for creation of protein molecules, which perform most of the important jobs in cells. Certain types of mutations are silent and have no effect, but others affect protein production in a variety of ways.
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Answer:
True
Explanation:
Point mutations arise when a single amino acid base is changed. This could cause some differences in the organism or it may not. Manufactured point mutations in model systems such as yeast offer a powerful tool to examine the function of different amino acids in a protein.
There are three types of point mutations
- Silent: these mutations have a single residue change but it does not affect the amino acid that is being coded. There is no change to the wild type
- Nonsense: will cause a stop or start or gain of start/stop codon.
- Mis-sense: will cause a change of amino acid residue. There are two types of mis-sense Conservative and non-conservative. The former will cause a change in amino acid base to one that has similar properties while the former will change to an amino acid of different properties often having different traits than the wild type.
Answer:
Mutualism between fungi and coniferous trees is most common in the forest biome.
Explanation:
Beneficial interaction between two organisms of two different species in which both the organisms take benefit from each other in some way from this interaction. This beneficial interaction is called mutualism. Fungi and coniferous trees form interaction which is beneficial for both the species. In this interaction, the fungi help in the production of new root tips and plant provide shelter and nutrition to the fungus.
The important point is that the surface area to the volume ratio gets smaller as the cell gets larger. Thus, if the cell grows beyond a certain limit, not enough material will be able to cross the membrane fast enough to accommodate the increased cellular volume.
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