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atroni [7]
3 years ago
9

Attending a school board meeting can best be described as:

Social Studies
1 answer:
Aleksandr-060686 [28]3 years ago
3 0
The correct answer is C , civic participation.

It is this choice because attending such thing is a choice yet it still benefits yourself. it is not required.
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How did other countries respond when Portugal built a global empire?
Thepotemich [5.8K]

Answer by Mimiwhatsup: B.They attacked Portuguese ships and trading posts.

Why: When Portugal built a global empire other countries attacked Portuguese ships and trading posts.



8 0
3 years ago
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What factors accelerated or exacerbated terrorism and other asymmetric threats after the Cold War?
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The Red Scare which was basically another Cold War threat although it never fully escalated. 

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2 years ago
Why have some criticized utilitarianism on the basis that it is the ‘morality of swine’? How does Mill address this objection?
Elodia [21]

Answer:

Explanation:

As a theory, utilitarianism is usually thought to start with Jeremy Bentham, however, similar ideas were evident in the writings of David Hume in An Enquiry Concerning the Principles of Morals (1)and Francis Hutchinson, whom David Hume studied under, in his An Inquiry into the Original of Our Ideas of Beauty and Virtue (2). Utilitarianism tells us an act is moral insofar as it creates the greatest good for the greatest number. It tells us to take the amount of happiness distributed between sentient beings and look at which distribution is going to maximise the amount of happiness. It gives a systematic answer. Throughout the past two centuries utilitarianism has been very influential within practical disciplines of politics and economics. As a result, utilitarianism has had an influence modern life, particularly public policy. What could be more important when making political deliberations than aiming to make people’s lives better and less unhappy?

One of the first utilitarian theorisers, Jeremy Bentham, is famously credited for being the founder of the doctrine. Bentham defined utility as “instrumental to happiness”. He believes that all judgements of good and bad can be based on pleasure and pain. He is seen as an advocate of psychological hedonism. In his famous introduction of An Introduction to the Principles of Morals and Legislation (1979), Bentham states “Nature has placed man under the governance of two sovereign masters, pain and pleasure.” Therefore, pain and pleasure provide the basis for his moral theory of ‘what we ought to do’. Initially, he began his career by studying law and then moved on to moral ethics in order to advise legislators. He was primarily interested in improving the law and his goal for the legislator was the utilitarian principle or the greatest happiness principle. Therefore, his advice was not initially aimed for individuals and their life choices but for the legislator. Although Bentham sees pleasure as the key of explaining how human beings act, he relies more often on the concept of pain when constructing his legal theory. While he does endorse act-utilitarianism, his ‘sanction-based’ theory of obligation is more applicable to the legal system he was so interested in improving.

John Stuart Mill is also one of the most well-known utilitarian thinkers and defenders of the theory. His celebrated thoughts can be found in his famous essay: Utilitarianism. Mill observes something of a crisis in moral thinking. Philosophical thinkers have been unable to come to a consensus on the principle of what constitutes right and wrong. Mill argues that having such a foundation is necessary to legitimise morality. This is why the theory of utilitarianism is so important.

Jeremy Bentham and John Stuart Mill categorise and measure utility and pleasure in different ways. Bentham uses the hedonic calculus which decides the value of pleasure by seven measures of quantity: duration, intensity, certainty or uncertainty, remoteness or propinquity, fecundity, extent and purity. Bentham is well-known for his treating of all pleasures as of equal value. By this he means not that all pleasures are of exactly equal, but that the legislator who his work on utilitarianism is aimed at should not be valuing one pleasure above another.

John Stuart Mil’s idea of higher and lower pleasures has been viewed as flawed in itself. It has been criticised as a self-serving idea. For example, an intellectual will view his preferred enjoyments as a higher, more important pleasure. Therefore, as an intellectual, it could be argued that Mill himself is biased towards what constitutes as higher and lower pleasures.

6 0
2 years ago
A little boy is allowed to play with a laboratory rat and shows no fear of it. then, a scientist makes a scary noise by banging
Alexxandr [17]
The scary noise in the scenario in which a little boy is allowed to play with a laboratory rat and shows no fear of it. then,and  a scientist makes a scary noise by banging an iron bar whenever the little boy reaches for the rat and because of this the boy begins crying whenever the rat comes near him is <span> unconditioned stimulus.
</span><span> Unconditioned stimulus is a stimulus that naturally, and automatically triggers a response. In this case such stimulus is the noise.</span>
5 0
3 years ago
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Anong bahagi ng sanaysay ang nararapat na nakatatawag ng pansin o nakapupukaw ng damdamin ng mga mambabasa? *
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Answer:

English, please?

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