1answer.
Ask question
Login Signup
Ask question
All categories
  • English
  • Mathematics
  • Social Studies
  • Business
  • History
  • Health
  • Geography
  • Biology
  • Physics
  • Chemistry
  • Computers and Technology
  • Arts
  • World Languages
  • Spanish
  • French
  • German
  • Advanced Placement (AP)
  • SAT
  • Medicine
  • Law
  • Engineering
balu736 [363]
2 years ago
10

What is the point of DNA replication​

Biology
1 answer:
Degger [83]2 years ago
7 0

Answer:

DNA replication is the process by which a double-stranded DNA molecule is copied to produce two identical DNA molecules. Replication is an essential process because, whenever a cell divides, the two new daughter cells must contain the same genetic information, or DNA, as the parent cell

Explanation:

DNA replication is the biological process in which two identical copies of DNA are produced from one original DNA molecule.

The steps involved in the process of DNA replication are as follows:

The first step in DNA replication is to ‘unzip’ the double-helix structure of the DNA molecule.

This is carried out by an enzyme called helicase which breaks the hydrogen bonds holding the complementary bases of DNA together (A with T, C with G).

The separation of the two single strands of DNA creates a ‘Y’ shape called a replication ‘fork’. The two separated strands will act as templates for making the new strands of DNA.

One of the strands is oriented in the 3’ to 5’ direction (towards the replication fork), this is the leading strand. The other strand is oriented in the 5’ to 3’ direction (away from the replication fork), this is the lagging strand. As a result of their different orientations, the two strands are replicated differently.

A short piece of RNA called a primer (produced by an enzyme called primase) comes along and binds to the end of the leading strand. The primer acts as the starting point for DNA synthesis. DNA polymerase binds to the leading strand and then ‘walks’ along it, adding new complementary nucleotide bases (A, C, G and T) to the strand of DNA in the 5’ to 3’ direction. This replication is continuous. Numerous RNA primers are made by the primase enzyme and bind at various points along the lagging strand.

Chunks of DNA, called Okazaki fragments, are then added to the lagging strand also in the 5’ to 3’ direction. This type of replication is called discontinuous as the Okazaki fragments are joined up later.

Once all of the bases are matched  (A with T, C with G) an enzyme called exonuclease strips away the primer(s).

The new strand is proofread to make sure there are no mistakes in the new DNA sequence.

Finally, an enzyme called DNA ligase seals up the sequence of DNA into two continuous double strands.

The result of DNA replication is two DNA molecules consisting of one new and one old chain of nucleotides. This is why DNA replication is described as semi-conservative, half of the chain is part of the original DNA molecule, half is brand new.

Following replication, the new DNA automatically winds up into a double helix

(b) DNA replication occurs in S phase of cell cycle in eukaryotes. If cell division is not followed after DNA replication then the replicated chromosomes (DNA) would not be distributed to daughter nuclei. A repeated replication of DNA without any cell division results in the accumulation of DNA inside the cell nucleus, leading to polyploidy.

You might be interested in
What is the temperature of the water at a cold seep?
valentinak56 [21]

Answer:

D. hot, but much cooler than at a hydrothermal vent

Explanation:

A cold seep is an area in the ocean floor where hydrogen sulfide, methane and other hydrocarbon rich fluids seep through thus forming a brine pool.

A cold seep is also called a cold vent and its temperature is not necessary lower than that of the surrounding water, but it is lower than that of a hydrothermal vent which is about 60 °C.

7 0
3 years ago
Read 2 more answers
Why are fossil fuel limited in their supply
Licemer1 [7]

Because they are non renewable sources of energy and they took billions of years to form.

8 0
3 years ago
how does understanding the organization of the body, the urinary, and digestive systems help your career?
mestny [16]
If you were to go in the career cluster of healthcare (medical), you would be able to assist your patients' needs better, understand what is really going on in their bodies, and give them suggestions for improving their overall health. Hope this helps. :D. Let me know if you have any questions about my explanations and feel free to ask more questions.
7 0
3 years ago
What is an accurate description of the growth of
MrRa [10]

an accurate growth of what?

8 0
3 years ago
Human reproductive cells are:
viva [34]

Answer:

The answer is Haploid. Human reproductive cells contain a single set of chromosomes and are known as haploid.

Hope that helped! :)

6 0
3 years ago
Read 2 more answers
Other questions:
  • There are two types of cell division the first produces cells that are identical to the original cell the second produces cells
    5·1 answer
  • Genetic drift models?
    13·1 answer
  • How does volcanic ash form
    5·2 answers
  • A major source of renewable energy in developing countries is _____. *
    6·2 answers
  • A black-eyed cat mates with an orange-eyed cat and produce all offspring with black eyes. Assuming these genes follow mendelian
    15·1 answer
  • A zebra mussel is discovered in a lake in Pennsylvania for the first time. Why would this make an ecologist worried?
    11·2 answers
  • A group of mice becomes separated by the formation of a river. Over time, the northern mice became smaller and whiter, while the
    13·1 answer
  • What is chloroplast analogy ?
    9·1 answer
  • 1. If a DNA strand has 33 % cytosine what percent will be adenine?
    12·1 answer
  • The law of conservation of energy states that
    10·1 answer
Add answer
Login
Not registered? Fast signup
Signup
Login Signup
Ask question!