Research misconduct<span> is defined as fabrication, falsification, or plagiarism in proposing, performing, or reviewing </span>research<span>, or in reporting </span>research<span> results. Fabrication is making up data or results and recording or reporting them.</span>
The message is understood but the sentence is not well written. You should write "Logos, that is the appeal of logic, consists of persuation backed up with actual observation, data, and facts". While the word Logos can be paraphrased as 'the appeal of logic', it is necessary to clarify the function of Logos in a text. With that purpose in mind, it is neccesary to separate the ideas of persuation from the paraphrase.
The man in the back row brought his friends with him
man (subject)
in the back row (preposition)
brought (verb or predicate)
with (preposition or possession)
