Genes
Hereditary
Trait
Genotype
Sex cell
<h2>b) option is correct </h2>
Explanation:
- Some bacterial toxins cause disease by altering the activity of G protein, cholera toxin is one of them
- Cholera toxin catalyse ADP ribosylation of Gs and blocks GTPase activity thus Gs GTP become permanently active
- Constitutive activation of Gs protein continuously induce adenylyl cyclase, cytosolic cAMP level rises that leads to activation of protein kinase A (pKA)
- Activated pKA catalyse phosphorylation of two transmembrane proteins of intestinal epithelial cells:
- CFTR cause excessive outflow of Cl- ion and Na+ H+ exchange cause efflux of Na+ ion, both enters in gut and form Na+ Cl-
- Na+Cl- leads to outflow of water from the gut, resulting in diarrhea and dehydration and this condition may cause death of organisms due to loss of water and ions
Question
1. Which of the following processes requires ATP?
A.osmosis
B. facilitated diffusion
C. moving down the concentration gradient
D. active transport
2. What is made in the nucleolus?
A. lipids
B. ATP
C. Ribosomal RNA
D. proteins
3. What is a function of Cilia?
A. help w cell division
B. provide structural support
C. move materials on the outside of the cells
D. provide sperm w motility
Answer:
1. d
2.D. proteins
3. D. provide sperm w motility
Explanation:
