It served as a social standing, in the upper class most people could read by the 18th century, but there was also a great minority that couldn't.
Prayer does not have a place in public school
The answer to this question is technology.
The new law denied people accused of being runaways of fundamental rights.
→ The new Fugitive Slave Act placed the responsibility to determine the status of alleged fugitives in the hands of federal court officials but denied those accused of being runaways any opportunity to defend themselves from the charges.
Much larger population.
Strong Navy.
Strong transportation network.
A lot of factories.
And the controlled most of the nations money.<span />