Question

A giant tank in a shape of an inverted cone is filled with oil. the height of the tank is 1.5 metre and its radius is 1 metre. the oil is dripping at the bottom of the tank at the constant rate of 110 cm³/s.
1) Find rate of change for the oil's radius when the radius is 0.5m.
2)calculate the rate of change for the oil's height when the height is 1
20 cm.
3. A circular oil slick was formed with uniform thickness from the drip. Assuming that the thickness of the oil slick is always at 0.1 cm, find the rate of the oil's radius when the radius is 10cm​

Answer 1

The given height of the cylinder of 1.5 m, and radius of 1 m, and the rate

of dripping of 110 cm³/s gives the following values.

1) The rate of change of the oil's radius when the radius is 0.5 m is r' ≈ 9.34 × 10⁻⁵ m/s

2) The rate of change of the oil's height when the height is 20 cm is h' ≈ 1.97 × 10⁻³ m/s

3) The rate the oil radius is changing when the radius is 10 cm is approximately 0.175 m/s

How can the rate of change of the radius & height be found?

The given parameters are;

Height of the tank, h = 1.5 m

Radius of the tank, r = 1 m

Rate at which the oil is dripping from the tank = 110 cm³/s = 0.00011 m³/s

$1) \hspace{0.15 cm}V = \frac{1}{3} \cdot \pi \cdot r^2 \cdot h$

From the shape of the tank, we have;

$\dfrac{h}{r} = \dfrac{1.5}{1}$

Which gives;

h = 1.5·r

$V = \mathbf{\frac{1}{3} \cdot \pi \cdot r^2 \cdot (1.5 \cdot r)}$

$\dfrac{d}{dr} V =\dfrac{d}{dr} \left( \dfrac{1}{3} \cdot \pi \cdot r^2 \cdot (1.5 \cdot r)\right) = \dfrac{3}{2} \cdot \pi \cdot r^2$

$\dfrac{dV}{dt} = \dfrac{dV}{dr} \times \dfrac{dr}{dt}$

$\dfrac{dr}{dt} = \mathbf{\dfrac{\dfrac{dV}{dt} }{\dfrac{dV}{dr} }}$

$\dfrac{dV}{dt} = 0.00011$

Which gives;

$\dfrac{dr}{dt} = \mathbf{ \dfrac{0.00011 }{\dfrac{3}{2} \cdot \pi \cdot r^2}}$

When r = 0.5 m, we have;

$\dfrac{dr}{dt} = \dfrac{0.00011 }{\dfrac{3}{2} \times\pi \times 0.5^2} \approx 9.34 \times 10^{-5}$

The rate of change of the oil's radius when the radius is 0.5 m is r' ≈ 9.34 × 10⁻⁵ m/s

2) When the height is 20 cm, we have;

h = 1.5·r

$r = \dfrac{h}{1.5}$

$V = \mathbf{\frac{1}{3} \cdot \pi \cdot \left(\dfrac{h}{1.5} \right) ^2 \cdot h}$

r = 20 cm ÷ 1.5 = $13.\overline3$ cm = $0.1\overline3$ m

Which gives;

$\dfrac{dr}{dt} = \dfrac{0.00011 }{\dfrac{3}{2} \times\pi \times 0.1 \overline{3}^2} \approx \mathbf{1.313 \times 10^{-3}}$

$\dfrac{d}{dh} V = \dfrac{d}{dh} \left(\dfrac{4}{27} \cdot \pi \cdot h^3 \right) = \dfrac{4 \cdot \pi \cdot h^2}{9}$

$\dfrac{dV}{dt} = \dfrac{dV}{dh} \times \dfrac{dh}{dt}$

$\dfrac{dh}{dt} = \dfrac{\dfrac{dV}{dt} }{\dfrac{dV}{dh} }$<em />

$\dfrac{dh}{dt} = \mathbf{\dfrac{0.00011}{\dfrac{4 \cdot \pi \cdot h^2}{9}}}$

When the height is 20 cm = 0.2 m, we have;

$\dfrac{dh}{dt} = \dfrac{0.00011}{\dfrac{4 \times \pi \times 0.2^2}{9}} \approx \mathbf{1.97 \times 10^{-3}}$

The rate of change of the oil's height when the height is 20 cm is h' ≈ 1.97 × 10⁻³ m/s

3) The volume of the slick, V = π·r²·h

Where;

h = The height of the slick = 0.1 cm = 0.001 m

Therefore;

V = 0.001·π·r²

$\dfrac{dV}{dr} = \mathbf{ 0.002 \cdot \pi \cdot r}$

$\dfrac{dr}{dt} = \mathbf{\dfrac{0.00011 }{0.002 \cdot \pi \cdot r}}$

When the radius is 10 cm = 0.1 m, we have;

$\dfrac{dr}{dt} = \dfrac{0.00011 }{0.002 \times \pi \times 0.1} \approx \mathbf{0.175}$

The rate the oil radius is changing when the radius is 10 cm is approximately 0.175 m

Learn more about the rules of differentiation here:

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