Answer:
Each FADH2 yields about 1.5 ATP via oxidative phosphorylation.
Explanation:
Most of the ATP molecules are produced by oxidative phosphorylation, not by substrate-level phosphorylation. During glycolysis, 2 ATP molecules per glucose are produced by substrate-level phosphorylation. Similarly, Kreb's cycle also yields 2 ATP per glucose by substrate-level phosphorylation.
For each pair of electrons transferred to O2 from FADH2 via electron transport chain, 4 and 2 protons are pumped from matrix towards the intermembrane space by complex III and complex IV respectively. It generates the proton concentration gradient required to drive the synthesis of 1.5 ATP molecules. Since oxidation of FADH2 is coupled to the phosphorylation of ADP to form ATP, the process is called oxidative phosphorylation.
The term pharynx may also be used to describe a differentialed portion of the invertebrate.
The true statement about the relationship between true moss sporophytes and gametophytes is: (d) Sporophytes are parasites of gametophytes.
Sporophyte is the part of the life cycle in plants where the plants are asexual and in diploid phase of their life. The plants produce spores during this stage. In vascular plants sporophyte is the dominant stage of life.
Parasites are the organisms that live inside or outside an organism and depend upon that organism for their food as well. Apart from extracting food, the parasites also provide some kind of harm to the host they live in. Sporophytes are called parasites because they directly developed from the fertilized egg in archegonia.
The given question is incomplete, the complete question is:
Considering that the mature sporophytes of true mosses get their nutrition from the gametophytes on which they grow, and considering these generations as individual plants, what is true of the relationship between true moss sporophytes and gametophytes?
a. Sporophytes are endosymbionts of gametophytes.
b. Sporophytes are mutualists of gametophytes.
c. Sporophytes are commensalist of gametophytes.
d. Sporophytes are parasites of gametophytes.
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The heart and the arteries of a person, both contracts to pump the blood throughout the body. The aorta, which is the largest artery of the human body, pumps the blood from the heart to the entire body of a person. The oxygen-rich blood is pumped out of the left ventricle when its contraction into the aorta, from where it is transported to the whole body.
Hence, the given statement is true.
