D) #recombinant=116+601+4+2+113+625=1462
#nonrecombinant=2538+2708=5246
RF=R/(N+R)=1462/6708=0.2
E) I=1-Q
I-interference
Q-coefficient of coincidence
Q=O2Xo/E2xo(2xo-double crossovers)
O2xo=6
P=(distance from C1 to Sh/100)*(distance from Sh to Wx/100)
=(3.38/100)*(18.28/100)=0.006
E2xo=0.006*6708=40.248
Q=6/40.248=0.15
I=1-0.15=0.85
Answer:
A) increasing frequency of action potentials only.
Explanation:
If the muscle fibers begin the contraction with the sarcomere too elongated, the thick and thin filaments would be barely overlapping, forming few crossed bridges. On the contrary, if the sarcomere is too shortened so that the thick filaments reach the z-disks, the myosin is unable to find new fixation sites for cross-bridge formation and the tension decreases rapidly.
But to better understand how the contraction force increases, it should be noted that a single contraction does not represent the maximum force that a muscle fiber can develop. <u>The force generated by the contraction of a muscle fiber is increased, increasing the frequency with which the action potentials of the muscle stimulate said fiber,</u> that is to say that the nervous system controls part of this.
A potential muscular type action lasts between 1 and 3 ms. While muscle contraction can last 100 ms. If the repeated action potentials are separated by prolonged intervals of time, the muscle fiber has time to fully relax between the stimuli. If the action potentials continue to stimulate muscle fiber repeatedly at short intervals (high frequency), the relaxation between contractions decreases until the muscle fiber achieves a state of maximum contraction known as tetanus.
The main type of evidence the scientists used is fossils.
Palaeontologists study plants and animals that existed in the geologic past. To do so, they use fossils and try to determine an organism's evolution and relationship with the environment and other organisms. In this example, palaeontologists used fossils from ancient horses that have gone extinct and try to decipher their evolutionary path. Recognising the evolutionary steps of the ancient horses will make it possible to compare them to the modern horses.
Because by practicing, they control there breathe and also increase the volume of the lungs ! so , it is just practice, we can also have that type of lung by regular efforts !
I think the answer is the Anther.