Answer:
525mL
Explanation:
For every 50mL, you are repleting 50mL. This is a 1:1 ratio.
525mL divided by 50mL is 10.5. 10.5x50=525.
Answer:
90%
Explanation:
When the Europeans arrived, carrying germs which thrived in dense, semi-urban populations, the indigenous people of the Americas were effectively doomed. They had never experienced smallpox, measles or flu before, and the viruses tore through the continent, killing an estimated 90% of Native Americans.
Answer:
The white blood cells i.e. granulocytes and macrophages are specifically stimulated by GM-CSF in response to chemotherapy in cancer patients.
Explanation:
The colony stimulating factors (CSFs) are the regulators of granulocytes and macrophages in blood. The CSFs has the potential to regenerate the white blood cells damaged during chemotherapy. Thus, CSFs mobilize the stem cells to enhance the immune process and produce hematopoietic cells such as granulocytes, macrophages in cancer patients. The CSFs resemble hormones that are specifically targeted to produce blood cells in specified regions where the quantity of those cells is low. The CSFs belong to a group of regulatory factors also known as cytokines and does not produce only a single cell type but stimulates colonies of different blood cell types for any specific organ. Hematopoietic cells produced by CSF are step-wise and formation of blast colonies take place initially. Afterwards, the blast cells regenerate and differentiated into multiple progenitor cells consisting of granulocytes, monocytes, macrophages, eosinophills, erythroids, and lymphocytes. The progenitor cells in the granulocyte-macrophage lineage matures into neutrophilic granulocytes and macrophages.
Out of all types of CSF colonies, the Granulocyte-Macrophage (GM-CSF) colony is specially involved in regenerating immune responses in cancer patients. These cytokines stimulates the dendritic cell formation and produces dendritic activity against the cancerous cells. These GM-CSF colonies enhance the immune response of host against melanomas, tumors by reducing their growth and inducing remission. Hence, it can be said that granulocytes and macrophages are infection protective cells and elevates dangerously low levels of white blood cells in cancer patients following chemotherapy. The GM-CSF induction regenerates the bone marrow which is damaged and improves stem cells production.
D) 6 p.m. to 8 p.m.
It is advised that patients receiving continuous tubes feedings irrigate their feeding tubes every 4 to 6 hours. The nurse would then irrigate the tube for this patient between 6 and 8 o'clock.
Feeding Tube- A tube that is put into the stomach through the nose, then down the neck and esophagus. It can be used to remove items from the stomach as well as to administer medications, liquids, and liquid food. Enteral nutrition refers to the feeding of food through a feeding tube to the stomach.
Nutrition- The process of consuming food and transforming it into energy as well as other essential elements is known as nutrition.
The given question is incomplete, find below the complete question,
Q. A patient is receiving a continuous tube feeding. The nurse notes that the feeding tube was last irrigated at 2 p.m. The nurse would plan to irrigate the tube again at which time?
A) 4 p.m. to 6 p.m.
B) 10 p.m. to 12 a.m.
C) 8 p.m. to 10 p.m.
D) 6 p.m. to 8 p.m.
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