Answer:
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Explanation:
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gymnoseperms meaning "naked seeds" are a diverse group of seed plants and are paraphyletic. paraphyletic groups are those in which not all members are descendants of a single common ancestor. gymnoseperm seeds are not enclosed in an ovary; rather, they exposed in cones or modified leaves
The correct option is D.
Neurotransmitters categorized as inhibitory are expected to hyperpolarize the membrane.
At inhibitory synapses, release of neurotransmitters causes inhibitory postsynaptic potentials or IPSP, which is a hyperpolarization of the presynaptic membrane.
Actually, depolarization and hyperpolarization occurs on neuron when an ion channel in the membrane open or close which can alter the ability of certain types of ions which enter from or exit out of the cell.
Neurotransmitters which is inhibitory have inhibitory effects on the neuron as it means they can decrease the possibility that the neuron will tend to fire an action. Modulatory neurotransmitters can also affect various neurons at the same time which results in the influencing effects of other chemical messengers.
Inhibitory neurotransmitter somehow decreases the action potential of the neuron. When the action potential falls below a certain level which is called threshold potential, the neuron will not be able to generate action potentials and thereby unable to exit the nearest neurons.
So, neurotransmitters are in general expected to hyperpolarize the membrane in some extent.
Learn to know more about what an inhibitory neurotransmitter does on
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This answer to this question is Paramecia, cilia
Answer:
When the average kinetic energy of the molecules goes up (a rise in temperature), the average speed of the molecules increases. And lower average kinetic energy of the molecules means they have lower speed.
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