The statement " Each gene in the human genome codes for a single protein. "is just wrong, as according to the basic knowledge of human genome, o<span>nly about 2 percent of the genome codes for proteins. This answer does make difference and clearly explaines why the previous one is wrong. Hope you will find it helpful!</span>
Answer:
Among others, two adaptations might be
- Avoiding corporal heat loss
- Increasing oxygen absorption
Explanation:
Up in the mountains, there is low oxygen, food is scarce, and adverse meteorological conditions. Animals and plants need to develop different strategies to survive. These adaptations involve not only physical and physiological changes but also behavioral changes. To mention a few adaptations, we can name:
- Avoiding heat loss. Temperature tends to be very low at highs, so, to <u>avoid heat loss,</u> animals develop shorter legs, tails, and ears. By doing this they reduce the area or surface of heat loss and also avoid getting frozen. In mammals, the coat is also very important. A thick coat helps them maintain a constant body temperature and keep warm. Some amphibians might also develop a thicker skin as they can not regulate their temperature, and it also helps them not to dehydrate.
- Camouflage: Coat is also helpful in camouflaging. Mammals´ hair color depends on their environment. Some animals, such as hares, can also change their fur color depending on the season. During snow seasons they turn white, and during the warmer season, they turn yellow or brown.
- Size and metabolism: Small mammals lose heat very fast, so they need to keep active and feeding most of the time. They have an elevated metabolism to keep warm. On the contrary, big animals, such as bears, need to hibernate to reduce their metabolism and get to survive, otherwise, they would need many reserves to cover their energetic requirements.
- Oxygen absorption: Some animals have adapted to the lack of oxygen by increasing their heart and lungs capacity as well as their capability to absorbing more oxygen from the blood.
1- Combustion reactions are exothermic reactions since these reactions result in the emission of heat (heat is a product and not a reactant)
2- A substance with higher specific heat that water would be liquid ammonia. This means that, for the same amount of energy given to both water and liquid ammonia, water will heat faster and gain more thermal energy (in degree celcius) that liquid ammonia.
3- Conduction : occurs when heat is directly transmitted from a material to another due to the difference in temperature between both. Examples are:
a- when using an iron the heat is transferred from the iron to the piece of clothe being ironed
b- if you hold a hot cup heat will transfer to your hand
c- when you hold chocolate with your bare hand it will melt due to the transfer of heat from your hand to the chocolate
d- when you heat food on the stove the heat will transfer from the flame to the pan
e- when you hold ice it melts due to the transfer of heat from your hand to the ice piece
f- when you place hot liquid in a cup the heat will transfer from the liquid to the cup and the cup will become hot
g- if you place a spoon in a plate containing hot food the heat will be transferred from the food to the spoon making it hot
h- when you walk on the sand beach during summer the heat will be transferred from the sand to your feet and your feet will be hot
i- if you hold someone's hand when he/sh is cold the heat will be transferred from your hand to his/hers
j- Light bulbs emit heat, if you touch them this heat will be transferred to your body
4- Convection : is the transfer of heat through liquids or gases. Examples:
a- when water at the bottom of a pot is heated, it transfers this heat to the water above by convection
b- the process of ice melting when left in the air where heat is transferred from the air to the ice
c- the same goes for chocolate melting
d- cooling a frozen substance using running water where heat is transferred from the water to the frozen substance
e- when you stream a hot cup of tea/coffee, you transfer heat from the tea/coffee to the air
f- when a radiator moves the hot air upwards and the cold air downwards
g- when a balloon rises up wen being filled with hot air
h- when the ocean circulates and heat is transferred from warm water to cool water
i- when heat is transferred from a bulb to the surrounding air
j- when you cool the radiator of your car using water where water is transferred from the radiator to the water.
5- Radiation: the emission of energy in the form of waves. Examples:
a- the sunlight (ultraviolet radiations of sunlight)
b- x-rays
c- the flame/light of a candle
d- the gamma radiations from the explosion of a star
e- microwaves of a microwave oven
f- the radiations of the mobile phone which are electromagnetic radiations
g- the beam of a laser
h- placing your hand over warm fire
i- emission of alpha particles from decaying uranium
j- the radio waves
The ear has the tinest bones in the body. There are three bones in the ear. Hopes this helps you.
