A cladogram (from Greek clados "branch" and gramma "character") is a diagram used in cladistics to show relations among organisms. ... These branching off points represent a hypothetical ancestor (not an actual entity) which can be inferred to exhibit the traits shared among the terminal taxa above it.
Answer:
Explanation:
Normally, under anaerobic condition in yeast, pyruvate produced from glycolysis leads to the production of ethanol as shown below.
pyruvate ⇒ acetaldehyde + NADH ⇒ ethanol + NAD
The pyruvate is converted to acetaldehyde by the enzyme, pyruvate decarboxylase. It should be NOTED that carbon dioxide is released in this step. The acetaldehyde produced in the "first step" is then converted to ethanol by the enzyme alcohol dehydrogenase. It must be noted from the above that the steps are irreversible.
If a mutated strain of yeast is unique because it does not produce alcohol and lactic acid (which is referred to as toxic acid in the question); thus having a high level of pyruvate because of the presence of a novel enzyme. <u>The function of this novel enzyme will most likely be the conversion of acetaldehyde in the presence of carbondioxide back to pyruvate; thus making that step reversible</u>. This could be a possible explanation for the high level of pyruvate present in the yeast.
This is the integumentary system which is also your skin system
Answer:
b. giving birth to live young (viviparous)
Explanation:
Monotremes include duck-billed platypus and few other mammalian species that are oviparous. These mammalian species do not give birth to young ones, that is, they are not viviparous. Rather they lay eggs and are oviparous.
These species are also characterized by the absence of teeth. The primitive monotremes also exhibit external fertilization.
Examples of egg-laying mammals include anteaters or echidnas and the duck-billed platypus. The laid eggs are carried by females in an abdominal ouch to keep them warm.
It also reabsorbs water found in the undigested food
