Answer:
D. 4E-BP1 binding to elF4E prevents loading of the mRNA onto the ribosome.
Explanation
In eukaryotic organisms, the eIF4E translation initiation factor functions by directing the ribosomes to the 5'-terminal cap structure of the messenger RNA (mRNA) in order to start the translation. Moreover, phosphorylation is a posttranslational modification of specific amino acids on proteins that play diverse cellular functions by altering protein stability, location, and/or enzymatic activity. It has been shown that elF4E phosphorylation is increased in response to cellular stimuli that induce translation in the ribosomes (e.g., growth factors, hormones, etc). The eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E (eIF4E)-binding protein 1 (4E-BP1) is a repressor of mRNA translation which is phosphorylated and inactivated by growth factors and hormones, thereby inhibiting 4E-BP1 binding to elF4E and consequently activating translation.
Answer:
A test cross may be used to help work out the genotype of a black mouse.
Explanation:
Due to technical problems, you will find the complete answer and explanation in the attached files
Answer:
C. Paleozoic
Explanation:
Trilobites are a group of extinct marine arthropods. Just like many animals from today, including crustaceans, spiders, and insects, they belonged to the phylum Arthropoda. They lived in the Paleozoic era.
We can make this conclusion based on the fact that the period they existed in (from 521 to 250 million years ago) mostly fits the period described as Paleozoic (from 541 to 252 million years ago). However, we can see that they went extinct in the Mesozoic (250 million years ago is more than 252 million years ago). Compared to the entire time they existed, 2 million years is a relatively small amount of time, which makes Paleozoic the correct option.
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