The rate of evolution is the means of
Darwinism
Since each glucose molecule produces two acetyl-CoA molecules, the Krebs cycle must be completed twice to produce the four CO2, six NADH, two FADH2, and two ATPs.
- Catabolic reactions occur within cells during cellular respiration. It is a biochemical process by which waste materials are removed and nutrients are broken down to generate energy, which is then stored in the form of ATP. The process of aerobic respiration needs oxygen.
- The Krebs cycle, also known as the citric acid cycle, is the last step of oxidation for amino acids, lipids, and glucose.
- Other than glucose, many animals rely on other substances for energy.
- Protein's metabolic byproduct, amino acids, are deaminated and converted to pyruvate and other Krebs cycle intermediates.
- They begin the cycle and are broken down, for example. On deamination, alanine turns into pyruvate, glutamate into -ketoglutarate, and aspartate into oxaloacetate.
- Acetyl CoA is created when fatty acids are -oxidized and enters the Krebs cycle. It is the primary mechanism through which cells produce ATP. Complete nutrient oxidation results in the production of a significant amount of energy.
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Answer:
Thymine= 60 ng
Guanine= 20 ng
The complementary base pairing occurs between adenine and thymine and guanine and cytosine bases.
Explanation:
According to the Chargaff rule, a double-helical DNA molecule has an equal number or equal amount of adenine and thymine bases since adenine always pairs with thymine. Similarly, the amount of guanine base is equal to that of the cytosine base.
Chargaff rule is based on the complementary base pairing between purine and pyrimidine bases. According to the given information, the amount of adenine is 60 ng. Therefore, the cell would have 60 ng thymine. Similarly, the amount of the cytosine base in the cell is 20 ng which means that the cell would have 20 ng of guanine base.