The limiting reactant refers to the reactant that is in small amount. The extent of the reaction depends on the amount of the limiting reactant.
<h3>What is limiting reactant?</h3>
The term limiting reactant refers to the reactant that is in small amount, We shall now solve the questions individually.
1) The reaction equation is;
CaO + H2O → Ca(OH)2
Number of moles of CaO = 10 g/56 g/mol = 0.18 moles
Number of moles of H2O = 10 g/18 g/mol = 0.56
Since the reaction is 1:1, CaO is the limiting reactant
Mass of calcium hydroxide = 0.18 moles * 74 g/mol = 13.32 g
2) The reaction equation is;
Mg + Br2 → MgBr2
Number of moles of Mg = 1 g/24 g/mol = 0.042 moles
Number of moles of Br2= 5 g/160 g/mol = 0.031 moles
Since the reaction is 1:1, Br2 is the limiting reactant
Mass of MgBr2 = 0.031 moles * 184 g/mol = 5.7 g
3) The reaction equation is;
CuO + H2 → Cu + H2O
Number of moles of CuO= 2.00 g/80 g/mol = 0.025 moles
Number of moles of H2 = 1.00g/2 g/mol = 0.5 moles
Since the reaction is 1:1, CuO is the limiting reactant
Mass of Cu = 0.025 moles * 63.5 g/mol = 1.59 g
4) The reaction equation is;
2Na + F2 → 2NaF
Number of moles of Na = 2.30 g/23 g/mol = 0.10 moles
Number of moles of F2 = 2.85 g/38 g/mol = 0.075 moles
If 2 moles of Na react with 1 mole of F2
x moles of Na reacts with 0.075 moles of F2
x = 0.15
Hence Na is the limiting reactant
Mass of NaF = 0.10 moles * 42 g/mol = 4.2 g
5) The equation of the reaction is;
Fe2O3 + 2Al → 2Fe + Al2O3
Number of moles of Fe2O3 = 8.00 g/160 g/mol = 0.05 moles
Number of moles of Al = 2.16 g/27 g/mol = 0.08 moles
If 1 mole of Fe2O3 reacts with 2 mole of Al
x moles of Fe2O3 reacts with 0.08 moles of Al
x = 0.04 moles
Hence, Fe2O3 is the limiting reactant
1 mole of Fe2O3 yileds 2 moles of Fe
0.05 moles yileds 0.05 moles * 2 moles/1 mole = 0.1 moles
Mass of Fe = 0.1 moles * 56 g/mol = 5.6 g
6) The equation of the reaction is;
2Al + 3Cl2 → 2AlCl3
Number of moles of Al = 13.5 g/27 g/mol = 0.5 moles
Num ber of moles of Cl2 = 42.6 g /71 g/mol = 0.6 moles
If 2 moles of Al reacts with 3 moles of Cl2
x moles of Al reacts with 0.6 moles of Cl2
x = 0.4 moles
Al is the limiting reactant
Mass of AlCl3 = 0.4 moles * 133 g/mol = 53.2 g
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