Carbon comes from blackened marshmallow or egg-shells, newspapers which contain cellulose, and sulphur source, for example, calcium sulphate in winogradsky column.
Carbon is important because it promotes the growth of different microorganisms. For example chlorobium, chromatium, rhodomicrobium, and Beggiatoa.
Hydrogen sulphide gradient is generated from bottom to the top in a winogradsky column because they dominate the zone with sulphur which reduces bacteria.
Photosynthesis is different between cyanobacteria and green and purple sulphur which is sulphur anaerobic bacteria being the top layer of aerobic bacteria which produces carbon dioxide which feeds back into the column by creating another reaction.
Answer:
The main reason for the production of haploid cells during meiosis is because the two haploid cells will fuse together to make a new genetically different diploid cell that will form the offspring.
Explanation:
In the context of sexual reproduction, meiosis is the process of cell division by which gametogenesis occurs. In this process, diploid cells are used to obtain haploid cells, called gametes.
The reduction of the chromosomal charge that occurs in meiosis is aimed at producing haploid cells —with half of the crosmosomes of a species— so that <u>when the parents' gametes join, they form a diploide cell</u> called zygote.
The zygote is the starting point for the development of a new individual, part of the offspring.
D) bacteria because they are simple organisms
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The pattern of embryonic development in which only the cells lacking yolk subsequently undergo cleavage is called meroblastic development, which is typical of birds.
Therefore, the correct answer is Option D.
<h3>What is embryonic cleavage?</h3>
- Embryonic cleavage is the division of cells which occurs just after fertilization and are involved in the early development of the embryo.
- The different cells formed after cleavage are called the blastomeres and these are present in a compact mass called the morula.
- The end product of cleavage is blastula which is a hollow sphere with a cavity called blastocoel.
- Cleavage can be of different types depending upon the concentration of yolk in the egg as yolk does not undergo cell division.
- In holoblastic cleavage, the entire egg divides as yolk is present in very less concentration.
- In meroblastic cleavage, only the cells lacking yolk divide.
Learn more about cleavage here:
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