Question

in a significance test of one population mean if vairance of population is unknown but the sample size is 30 or more we use z test why? ​

Answer 1

The student T distribution would be used since we don't know the population variance (by extension the population standard deviation).

However, if n > 30, then the student T distribution is going to look very similar to the standard normal Z distribution. It won't be a perfect match, but it'll be close enough that it's more simple to use the Z distribution. With the Z distribution, you only have one set of values and you don't have to worry about the degrees of freedom.