Answer:
Please find the explanation below
Explanation:
Sodium (Na) and Chlorine (Cl) are two electrolytes that play important role in the absorption of water and nutrients in the small intestine. However, as mentioned in the question, the release of sodium and chlorine would lead to a loss of water in the intestines. This is because of the OSMOTIC phenomenon.
Osmosis is the movement of water molecules from a region of high concentration of water/low concentration of solute to a region of low concentration of water/high concentration of solute via a semipermeable membrane. In this case, the Na+ and Cl- ions serve as the solutes, which when released out of the intestine causes the solution in the intestines to be HYPOTONIC compared to the intestinal environment. This causes an OSMOTIC GRADIENT.
This osmotic gradient i.e. difference in concentration provokes osmotic flow of water from the intestines, which has a low solute/high water concentration, to the outside of the intestines, which has a high solute/low water concentration. Hence, water is lost from the intestine because the solute concentration becomes low when sodium and chlorine ions are released.
During the metaphase, chromosomes are taken to the equatorial plane, were they randomly line up. Option B. Mitotic spindle attaches to the chromosome's centromeres and lines them up in the middle of the cell.
<h3>What is the metaphase?</h3>
Metaphase is one of the cell division stages that follows the prophase and precedes the anaphase.
During this phase, chromosomes are taken toward the center of the cell by the spindle apparatus. Once in the equatorial plane, chromosomes randomly line up.
Once aligned, each chromatid joins with a microtubule of opposites poles and gets ready to go through the anaphase. Sister chromatids are held together until they reach the Anaphase.
Since chromosomes in this stage are well defined and can be observed in detail under the microscope, they are used to create karyotypes and identify chromosomal abnormalities.
These chromosomes have the typical X shape.
Among the options, the one that correctly describes the metaphase is Option is B. Mitotic spindle attaches to the chromosome's centromeres and lines them up in the middle of the cell.
You can learn more about the metaphase at
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Answer:
A) incomplete dominance.
Explanation:
It is a clear case of incomplete dominance. This kind of inheritance shows deviation from Mendel's popular law of genetics which is known as "Law of Dominance". This law states that when two pure breeding parents i.e. homozygous dominant and homozygous recessive are mated then all their off-springs are genotypically heterozygous but phenotypically they all show dominant trait. But in incomplete dominance, <u>the dominant allele is unable to mask the expression of recessive allele completely</u> which leads to a phenotype which is a blend of both the traits.
In the example, orange beak is unable to mask the expression of ivory beak completely as a result of which all the off-springs have an intermediate trait which is pale, ivory-orange beak.
In 2012, an unprecedented outbreak of WNV occurred in Texas; ≈1,900 cases were reported. The objective of this study was to understand the epidemiology of the 2012 WNV outbreak in Texas.
The answer is 3 heat and or presssure is applied
