The actor-observer effect <span>refers to a tendency to give a reason one's own actions while considering other people's behaviors. The effect shows how we deal and interact with others. Depending on the role of people, i.e, when they are actor or observer, people tend to make different attributions. People make deductive attributions while making inductive attributions to others. </span>
On main strategy is finding a common enemy, either foreign or domestic. Another is providing economic incentives. Another is through propaganda campaigns and false history.
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I believe the answer is: <span>A prejudiced personnel officer refuses to hire women
Institutional discrimination refers to the act of openly giving unfair treatment toward a certain group of people that initiated by society/large organization as a whole.
This could be done by things such as choosing not to hire a certain group of people, preventing a certain group of people from receiving their right, telling false facts about a specific ethnicity, etc.</span>
