There are different kinds of rules. A commonly used test in a disparate impact case is the four-fifths rule which bases potential discrimination of a minority group relative to organization's hiring rate to be less than four-fifths of the hiring rate for the majority group.
<h3>What is the four-fifths rule?</h3>
There has been evidence of some discrimination if an organization's hiring rate for a minority group is said to be less than four-fifths of the hiring rate for the majority group.
The 4/5ths Rule is known to be a rule of thumb under which looks at the selection rate for any race, or ethnic group and has found it to be less than four-fifths (4/5th) or eighty percent (80%) of the known selection rate for the said group with the biggest selection rate.
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Osmoreceptors within the hypothalamus detect and increase in plasma osmolarity. This results in a decrease in ADH release from the posterior pituitary, and hence decrease in water permeability of the collecting duct.
<h3>What is osmoregulation?</h3>
Osmoregulation is that the active regulation of the osmotic pressure of an organism's body fluids, detected by osmoreceptors, to take care of the homeostasis of the organism's water content; that is, it maintains the fluid balance and therefore the concentration of electrolytes to keep the body fluids from becoming too diluted or concentrated.
The tendency of water to move into one solution from another by osmosis is osmotic pressure. The upper the osmotic pressure of a solution, the more water tends to maneuver into it.
<h3>Osmoregulation through kidney :</h3>
Pressure must be exerted on the hypertonic side of a selectively permeable membrane to stop diffusion of water by osmosis from the side containing pure water. Although there could also be hourly and daily variations in osmotic balance, an animal is usually in an osmotic steady state over the long term.
Organisms in aquatic and terrestrial environments must maintain the proper concentration of solutes and amount of water in their body fluids; this involves excretion (getting rid of metabolic nitrogen wastes and other substances such as hormones that would be toxic.
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Answer:
Option D, The end of the great Texas cattle drives, is the right answer.
Explanation:
The Spanish settlers were the first to bring the longhorn cattle in North America. During the course of time, Texas became home to millions of longhorn cattle. The cattle ranchers of the area wanted to sell them in the markets of East and North for the reason the demand was high and the supply was low. Such cattle drives came to an end in the decade of 1880s for various reasons. The invention of barbed wire, the expansion of railroads and too many cattle grazed on the crowded ranges and thus there was not enough grass to feed them all, were some of the significant reasons.
