<u>Latitude + Longitude =</u>
Latitude and Longitude are a system to describe the location of any place on Earth. Latitude corresponds to horizontal lines while Longitude corresponds to vertical lines around the globe, to point any location on Earth. To find out how far north or south a place is, lines of latitude are used. These lines run parallel to the Equator. To find out how far east or west a place is, lines of longitude are used.
<u>Climate zone + time zones =</u>
Climate change refers to changes in the Earth's average temperature. These changes occur naturally over time, but most scientists think that human behaviour is increasing the amount of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, which is causing more rapid changes to the climate. Examples of human activity causing climate change are deforestation, forest fuel burning etc.
Time zones are divided by imaginary lines called meridians which run from the North Pole to the South Pole. There is an imaginary line running through the UK called the Prime Meridian. It runs through a place in London called Greenwich. The Prime Meridian splits the world into eastern and western hemispheres. Time in countries to the east of the Prime Meridian is always in front of that in the UK. Time in countries to the west of the Prime Meridian is always behind that of the UK.
As the Earth rotates on its axis, the Sun only shines on the side of the Earth that it is facing. This means:
-it is daytime for the parts of the Earth that have the Sun shining on them
- it is night-time for places that are on the opposite side of the Earth and are in the shade
As it is night in some parts of the world while it is day in other parts, different places in the world have different times. This is why the world is divided into 24 different time zones. One for each hour in a day.
Very large countries that are spread out across many time zones, such as Russia or the USA, are divided into separate time zones. Most smaller countries keep to the same time zone even if part of them falls outside a meridian line.
<u>Canada + trade</u>
An import is a good or service bought in one country that was produced in another. Exports are goods and services that are produced in one country and sold to buyers in another. Imports and exports are the components of international trade. If the value of a country's imports exceeds the value of its exports, the country has a negative balance of trade.
Exports:
Cars, Minerals, Crude oil and wood
Top export partners = US ($246B), China ($19.3B), UK ($13.2B)
Imports:
Cars + automobile parts and computer machinery
Top import partners = US ($218B), China ($49.5B), Mexico ($16.1B)
Raw materials:
Fur from animals, fish, timber and grain
<u>The Environment - Preservation</u>
The 4 main pollution sources:
Air pollution
Effect = It is harmful to our health, and it impacts the environment - reducing visibility and blocking sunlight, causing acid rain, and harming forests, wildlife, and agriculture.
Solutions = Move away from fossil fuels, replacing them with alternative energies like solar, wind and geothermal. Reduce our consumption of energy by adopting responsible habits and using more efficient devices.
Soil pollution
Effect = It can cause health problems like cancer, kidney or liver damage and can also affect the nervous system causing things like headaches or nausea. It compromises the health of plant growth and can also lead to air and water contamination.
Solutions = Eat sustainable foods, properly recycle batteries, produce homemade compost and dispose of drugs in the places authorised for this purpose. Encourage a more eco-friendly model for industry, farming and stock breeding, among other economic activities.
Water pollution
Effect = The organic materials which are released from the factories are very harmful like nitric acid, sulphuric acid, etc. They get mixed with the water and kill all animals who live in the water. Ponds are polluted by the harmful substances which we use in the field. When the farmers use harmful substances in their fields to kill the bacteria, the substances get mixed up with water and then get released in the pond. People use the pond water. They are affected by the arsenic which is one of the causes of cancer. Water pollution destroys the ecosystem present in the water bodies and brings a lot of trouble in the food chain.
Solutions = Be responsible with any chemical use, dispose of the leftover chemicals and container properly per the product instructions, or check with your local municipality. Do not apply near water systems such as wells, streams, lakes, or curb inlets/drains.
Noise pollution
Effect = Unwanted sound can damage physiological health. Noise pollution can cause hypertension, high stress levels, hearing loss, sleep disturbances, and other disturbing effects. Prolonged high levels of noise can cause hearing loss and several other stress-related illnesses. Noise pollution affects our entire general well-being.
