Regional differences made governing difficult.
I can't see what Option 1 is, but if I had to choose from the other three options I would say <u>Option 3: made laws based on scripture and tried lawbreakers in courts.</u>
Also, I can only see one answer for the next question (No. 19), but the main purpose of the Crusades was to unify Europe and retake the Holy Land (Jerusalem) from the Muslims. This was enacted after hundreds of years of Muslim attacks on Southern Europe (i.e Spain, Italy, etc.), they actually succeeded in Spain, and made force conversions of Christians to Islam when they took Rome. I took a trip to Spain last year and it was interesting to see the history of the conquests, there was an old prison that had crosses carved into the wood on the sides from Christians trying to pray before they were executed.
The Qin dynasty was the first dynasty to start connecting the various walls into a greater whole. That happened around 221 to 206 BC and was done under the reign of Qin Shi Huang. Though the wall was later improved still by other dynasties, it was during the Qin dynasty that the Great Wall of China was first formed into a cohesive structure.
Answer:
The Pullman Strike and Loewe Vs Lawlor
Explanation:
The Pullman Strike was an organised strike by the American Railway Union against the Pullman Company. The strike closed off many of the nations railroad traffic. Workers of the Pullman company had gone on strike in response to a reduction in wages and when this was unsuccessful, they increased their efforts and with the help of the AFU took it nationwide. They refused to couple or move any train that carried a Pullman car. At its peak the strike included 250,000 workers in 27 states.The federal government's response was to obtain an injunction against the union and to order them to stop interfering with trains. When they refused, President Cleveland sent in the army to stop strikers from interfering with the trains. Violence broke out and the strike collapsed. The leaders were sentenced to prison and the ARU dissolved.
Loewe V Lawlor was a Supreme Court decision that went against the rights of the labour movement. D. E. Loewe & Company had been subjected to a strike and a boycott as a result of it becoming an 'open shop'. The nationwide boycott was supported by the American Federation of Labor and persuaded retailers, wholesalers and customers not to buy from Loewe. This boycott cost him a large amount of money and he sued the union for violating the Sherman Antitrust Act (Another piece of legislation subsequently used to attack unions).
The case was sent to the US Circuit Court for the District of Connecticut, which found that the lawsuit was out of the scope of the Sherman Act. However, upon appeal it then went to the Supreme Court, who ruled in favour of Loewe. The courts decision was important for two reasons. Firstly it allowed individual unionists to be held personally responsible for damages arising from the activities of their unions. Secondly, it effectively outlawed secondary boycott (Where members of different companies boycott in solidarity with the affected workers) as a violation of the Sherman Act. Both of these limited the ability of the unions to bring about change through striking and boycott.
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