The answer is D. It closed all colonies to overseas trade during the revolution.
Matrilineal : Based on or tracing descend through the female line
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The main difference between Equator and Prime Meridian is that Equator is the line circling the Earth halfway between the North and South poles while Prime Meridian is the line that runs through Greenwich, England. ... The Prime Meridian is the imaginary line drawn north to south at 0° longitude.
I believe the answer is: Unfamiliar weather and soil conditions affected cultivation.
The unfamiliarity make the colonists need a lot of time to adjust their agricultural farming process (which resulted in several years of failures). After living on this region for some time, the colonists able to understand the type of crops that could grow in their territory and the cultivation technique that they could use to sustain the operation.