To solve this problem it is necessary to apply the concepts related to Malus' law. Malus' law indicates that the intensity of a linearly polarized ray of light that passes through a perfect analyzer with a vertical optical axis is equivalent to:
Indicates the intensity of the light before passing through the Polarizer,
I = The resulting intensity, and
= Indicates the angle between the axis of the analyzer and the polarization axis of the incident light.
There is 3 polarizer, then
For the exit of the first polarizer we have that the intensity is,
For the third polarizer then we have,
Replacing with the first equation,
Therefore the transmitted intensity now is 
of the initial intensity.
Answer:
0.21%
Explanation:
We are given;
Mass; m = 100 kg
Diameter; d = 2.2 mm = 2.2 × 10^(-3) m
Young's modulus; E = 12.5 x 10^(10) N/m².
Formula for area is;
A = πd²/4
A = (π/4) x (2.2 x 10^(-3))²
A = 3.8 x 10^(-6) m²
Force; F = mg
g is acceleration due to gravity and has a constant value of 9.8 m/s²
F = 100 × 9.8
F = 980 N
Formula for young's modulus is;
E = Stress/strain
Formula for stress = F/A
Formula for strain = ΔL/L
Thus;
E = (F/A)/(ΔL/L)
Making ΔL/L the subject, we have;
ΔL/L = (F/A)/E
Plugging in the relevant values;
ΔL/L = 980/(3.8 x 10^(-6) × 12.5 × 10^(10))
ΔL/L = 0.0021
Then percentage increase in length of a wire = 0.0021 × 100% = 0.21%
Answer:
Temperature after ignition=7883.205 K
Explanation:
The number of moles is,
n=PV/RT
=(1.18x10^6)(47.9x10^-6)/8.314(325)
= 0.0209 moles
a) In this process volume is constant
Q=U
=nCv.dT
dT= Q/nCv
=1970/(1.5x8.314)(0.0209)
= 7558.205 K
The final temperature is,
= 7558.205+325
= 7883.205 K
Answer:E = hc/? = 4.41 x 10-19 J
Energy absorbed by each atom :
E (atom) = 2.205 x 10-19 J
Now Bond Energy of each molecule (B) = 3.98 x J
So, for each atom 1.99 x 10-19 J
So now
KE of each atom = E(atom) - B (atom)
= 2.15 x 10-19 J
Https://www.researchgate.net/publication/335238337_A_New_Strategy_for_Improving_the_Tracking_Performance_of_Magnetic_Levitation_System_in_Maglev_Train/fulltext/5d5a958d299bf1b97cf546ba/A-New-Strategy-for-Improving-the-Tracking-Performance-of-Magnetic-Levitation-System-in-Maglev-Train.pdf?origin=publication_detail
The higher the phase margin the more stable is the system and for these tuned parameters, the phase margin is around
. Some researcher given their theory on the phase margin that there are changes of getting sluggish response for larger phase margin but using TLBO algorithm the settling time and as well as peak overshoot of the system shows better response as compared to conventional techniques.
