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2 years ago

What are two ways translation is regulated?

Biology

1 answer:

Korolek [52]2 years ago

6 0

Answer:

through changes in the availability or activity of the "helper"

Explanation:

This process involves many "helper" proteins, which make sure the ribosome is correctly positioned. Translation can be regulated globally (for every mRNA in the cell) proteins.

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Which mutations is most likely to cause a phenotypic change?

melomori [17]

The question is incomplete. The complete question is as follows:

Which of the following mutations is most likely to cause a phenotypic change?

A) a duplication of all or most introns

B) a large inversion whose ends are each in intergenic regions

C) a nucleotide substitution in an exon coding for a transmembrane domain

D) a single nucleotide deletion in an exon coding for an active site

E) a frameshift mutation one codon away from the 3' end of the nontemplate strand

Answer: D) a single nucleotide deletion in an exon coding for an active site

Explanation:

Deletion or insertion of a single nucleotide in an axon coding for an active site is called frameshift mutation.

The sequence of codons is read during translation, in order to synthesize a amino acids chain and form a protein from the nucleotide sequence. Frameshift mutations occur when the usual codon sequence is broken by the deletion or addition of one or more nucleotides. For example, if only one nucleotide is removed from the axon sequence during the RNA splicing process, then there will be a disrupted reading frame for all codons before and after the mutation. This may result in several incorrect amino acids being introduced into the protein. Disruption in protein sequence will cause phenotypic change.

Hence, the correct option is D) a single nucleotide deletion in an exon coding for an active site .

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4 years ago

The ribonucleotide reductase is important for converting ribose bases to the deoxy form. This conversion is coupled with the oxi

Pepsi [2]

Answer:

Thioredoxin

Explanation:

Ribonucleotides serve as precursors for synthesis of deoxyribonucleotides and the reaction is catalyzed by enzyme ribonucleotide reductase. The reduction of a ribonucleotide into deoxyribonucleotide requires a pair of hydrogen atoms.

These hydrogen atoms are supplied from NADPH via ubiquitous protein thioredoxin. The oxidized form of thioredoxin is reduced back in a reaction catalyzed by thioredoxin reductase.

8 0

3 years ago

31. The data in the accompanying graph show evidence of disease in the human body. D 38 - - E Body Temperature (°C) 377 А IDOT B

shepuryov [24]

Homeostasis keeps the organism in a dynamic equilibrium within the homeostatic range. A disruption in dynamic equilibrium is indicated by the temperature change between point C and D. Option C is correct.

<h3>What is homeostasis?</h3>

Homeostasis is the organism's capacity to keep the body in constant internal equilibrium, even when the external environment is oscillating.

Homeostasis is critical to keep the correct internal functioning of the body.

Different functions -blood pressure, body temperature, respiratory rate, and blood glucose levels, among others- are kept in a restricted range around a reference point, even though external conditions may be changing.

When a sudden change occurs in the internal functioning that disturbs this equilibrium, the organism counters it back by negative or positive feedback.

<h3>Graph interpretation</h3>

In the exposed graph we can see,

The restricted range of homeostasis at a constant temperature around 37ºC.

Six reference points (A-F) withing 12 hours.

Dynamic equilibrium is kept in the range of homeostasis around 37ºC, excepting for point D that reaches 38ºC.

The references point A, B, and C suggest that during the first 10 hours, approximately, the body was in equilibrium.

A change in the internal functioning broke the equilibrium, rising temperature to 38ºC, out of the homeostatic range.

The organism took the internal values to their original state, and at points E and F, the organism was in equilibrium again.

A disruption in dynamic equilibrium is indicated by the temperature change between point C and D.

You can learn more about homeostasis at

brainly.com/question/9087319

brainly.com/question/860558

brainly.com/question/21324446

7 0

3 years ago

Improved bone regeneration through amniotic membrane loaded with buccal fat pad-derived MSCs as an adjuvant in maxillomandibular

muminat

Mesenchymal stem cells and HAM together may improve bone repair, especially in the horizontal dimension. Additionally, this technology lessens secondary bone resorption and the quantity of collected autogenous bone.

HAM:

Background: Human amniotic membranes (HAMs), a biological membrane with potential for cell therapy, osteogenesis, and healing, have come under the spotlight as a way to improve the results of treating bone abnormalities. The goal of the current study is to clinically evaluate the possibility of HAM loaded with stem cells from the buccal fat pad (BFSCs) as an osteogenic covering for only bone transplants to maxillomandibular bone lesions.
Materials and methods: The current investigation included nine patients with jaw bone abnormalities. Iliac crest bone graft with HAM covering (n = 5) and iliac bone grafts coated with HAM loaded with BFSCs (n = 4) were the two study groups that the patients were divided into. Cone beam computed tomography was carried out for radio morphometric characterization five months after the grafting and before the installation of the implant.
Results: The mean increase in bone width was found to be significantly greater in the HAM + BFSCs group ( $4.42$ ± $1.03$ mm versus $3.07$ ± $0.73$ mm, p < $0.05$ ). Further, the changes in vertical dimension were greater in the HAM + BFSCs group ( $4.66$ ± $1.06$ mm versus $4.14$ ± $1.03$ mm, p > $0.05$ ).