The nursing intervention that should be a priority when an older adult client gets diagnosed with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and has fluid volume excess is: assessing the client's lung sounds.
ESRD is a chronic kidney disease resulting in kidney failure. This is a gradual loss of the functioning of kidney that cannot be restored. The only solution to this disease is long-term dialysis on a regular basis or kidney transplant.
Lung sounds are of different types depending upon the condition of a person lungs. Listening to this sound, also called auscultation is necessary to assess the right medical condition. The sounds related to fluid overload in lungs are grunting, gurgling, or wheezing.
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Answer:
The answer is B: left and right main bronchi.
Explanation:
The air enters the lungs through the nose and mouth, initially passing through the pharynx, from there the air passes through the epiglottis to reach the larynx (where the vocal cords meet); then continue to the trachea, which is divided into 2 tubes in its lower part, called right and left bronchial (primary bronchi). It ends up in even smaller tubes called bronchioles, as thin as a hair and finally ending, in the alveoli, where the gas exchange occurs.
Specifics from the scenario
Lasix is prescribed along with Accupril to the hypertensive patient because;
- High blood pressure reading of 150/92 in spite of being on the antihypertensive Accupril for the past four months
- Bilateral lower extremity edema.
Explanation:
Blood pressure medications which act as calcium channel blockers like Accupril will widen the constricted blood vessels to allow for more blood and fluid to flow easily.
This sometimes leads to an excess amount of fluid in the circulatory system which gets accumulated in the lower extremities. This leads to edema of the feet, especially in the ankle region.
To treat this fluid accumulation in the feet, a diuretic class drugs are prescribed as an adjuvant. Loop diuretics like Lasix (furosemide) act by lowering the blood pressure as well as reducing the fluid content by increased urine output.
Your elbows should be as close to shoulder height as possible. Keep your arms and feet in place and move your chest toward the corner. You will feel a stretch across your chest and shoulders. Return to the starting position and repeat 5 to 7 times.
