The answer is D: A gradual change in a species over time.
Reflex action is the response to a stimulus. The spinal cord along with the brain stem is responsible for the reflex movement.
For example : when you touch a hot object you immediately remove your hand from it
The ultimate function of cellular respiration is to release energy stored in glucose as useable energy for the cell.
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It would be A. The Modified Mercalli scale which measures the effects of an earthquake.
Answer:
You could get a bacteriophage as a product.
Explanation:
Bacteriophages are viruses housed within bacteria, which take over the bacterial replication mechanism to multiply and replicate in a dependent manner.
The combination of the hepatitis b virus with a bacterium would end up forming a much more potent bacteriophage with higher virulence factors than the virus or the bacterium itself.