I think this is C hoped this helped
I believe the answer is IntrospectionAccording to Wundt, Introspection is a mental state that made an individual constantly makes efforts to self-evaluate.
People with this state of mind would utilize their observation and conceptual skills in order to analyze their personal quality and development.
The correct statement here is
(2). Over time, the Arab Empire expanded and conquered Byzantine territories in the Middle East and northern Africa
Explanation:
At the time of the bifurcation and eventual fall of the original Roman empire with its fragmentation, the holy Roman empire up west was the empire that was its successor in a sense while the empire that emerged to the east was of the Byzantines who were ruling from Iran.
Their power would be challenged by the caliphate after the formulation of Islam as they would eventually take over all the territory of the Byzantines and force the empire into near submission.