1933: New Deal / cooperative federalism / marble cake federalism cause a change in the makeup of the power balance between local, state and national goverment in the following way
Explanation:
- The United States moved from dual federalism to cooperative federalism in the 1930s. National programs would increase the size of the national government and may not be the most effective in local environments. Cooperative federalism does not apply to the Judicial branch of the government.
- Each level of government is dominant within its own sphere. ... Marble cake federalism – Conceives of federalism as a marble cake in which all levels of government are involved in a variety of issues and programs, rather than a layer cake, or dual federalism, with fixed divisions between layers or levels of government.
- As a theory, dual federalism holds that the federal and state governments both have power over individuals but that power is limited to separate and distinct spheres of authority, and each government is neither subordinate to nor liable to be deprived of its authority by the other.
- The first, dual federalism, holds that the federal government and the state governments are co-equals, each sovereign. In this theory, parts of the Constitution are interpreted very narrowly, such as the 10th Amendment, the Supremacy Clause, the Necessary and Proper Clause, and the Commerce Clause
- The advantages of this system are that it protects local areas and jurisdictions from the overreach of the federal government. The framers of the Constitution were afraid that the federal government would have too much power, and this system was a means of preventing that situation from developing.
- Historically, the definitive example of dual federalism is the United States. ... These states can check the federal government through judicial action. Europe, too, has a system of dual federalism, albeit set up with state traditions. The European Union (EU) is organized into a federalist government with limited powers.
<span>Economic Activities and Resources Maps
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D - to limit governmental power.
<em>C. Targeted spying, dissent, and disapproval of the war.</em>
Explanation:
The Espionage and Sedition Acts of 1917 and 1918 targeted spying, dissent, and disapproval of the war.
During World War I, some anti-war activism was occurring and some people were against the war. In order for people to not be swayed by this activism and to continue to support the war, President Woodrow Wilson and Congress decided to pass the Espionage and Sedition Acts of 1917 and 1918.
The Espionage and Sedition Acts of 1917 and 1918 made it illegal to promote anti-war agenda or say anything bad against the United States government. A lot of people did not agree with these acts and said they were against the Constitution and violating freedom of speech. The Sedition Act got repealed in 1921 but caused many people to get arrested.
