In brain, cerebellum controls the postural muscles and balance the equilibrium. By operating on the cerebral cortex via the thalamocortical projection and on the brainstem, the cerebellum regulates the cognitive and automatic processes of posture-gait regulation.
Both real-time sensory feedback via the spinocerebellar tract to the cerebellum and feedforward information from the cerebral cortex via the cortico-ponto-cerebellar pathway may play significant roles in these processes.
The cerebellum's ability to govern posture is mostly dependent on sensory afferents. Along with the vestibular nuclei, the floccules and vermis of the cerebellum also receive signals from the labyrinth via the vestibular nerve. Spinocerebellar pathways convey peripheral sensory data and a copy of the spinal cord's output to the fastigial nuclei (FN).
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