State which substance is undergoing oxidation and which substance is undergoing reduction in the following reaction:

Chemistry

1 answer:

yKpoI14uk [10]2 years ago

8 0

Answer:

Mg(s) = oxidized

H₂SO₄(aq) (hydrogen) = reduced

Explanation:

Oxidized substances lose electrons and see an increase in oxidation number. Reduced substances gain electrons and see a decrease in oxidation number.

Lone elements always have an oxidation number of 0. H₂SO₄ and MgSO₄ are ionic compounds that can be broken up into a cation and polyatomic anion. The anion, SO₄²⁻, has an overall oxidation number of -2. Therefore, to make the overall charge of the ionic compound neutral, the hydrogen in H₂SO₄ has an oxidation state of +1 (bc there are two hydrogens) and the magnesium in MgSO₄ has an oxidation state of +2.

Since Mg(s) is losing electrons (goes from 0 to +2), it is being oxidized. Since the hydrogen in H₂SO₄(aq) is gaining electrons (goes from +1 to 0), it is being reduced.

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