It could be a liquid, solid, or gas! Liquid being water, Solid being wood, gas being oxygen. Some examples.<span />
So, water reacts with hydrochloric acid in the following formula
H2O + HCl —-> H3O+ + Cl-
We can visualize that when the two react, the hydrogen ions is taken on by the water molecule. This satisfies one of the definitions for a base
Bronsted acids = anything that donates a proton (H+ ion)
Bronsted bases = anything that accepts a proton (H+ ion)
So, as we can see, that is exactly what is happening. The Cl- and H+ detach and then the water takes on that extra H+.
H3O+ is what we call a hydronium ion
Average atomic mass of an element is the sum of atomic mass of its isotopes multiplied by their respective percentage abundance.
There are four isotopes of element X:
1. 4.350 % with mass 49.94605 amu
2. 83.79% with mass 51.94051 amu
3. 9.5% with mass 52.94065 amu
4. 2.360% with mass 53.93888 amu
Thus, average atomic mass will be:
Or,
Therefore, average atomic mass of element X will be 51.99 amu (four significant figures)
Combustion of any hrdrocarbon yields carbon dioxide and water such that the hydrogen and carbon are derived from the hydrocarbon.
1 mole of carbon dioxide has a mass out of which 12 g is the mass of carbon, therefore, 3.38 g of carbon will contain (3.38 × 12)/44 = 0.922 g of carbon.
Thus, since the hydrocarbon has a mass of 1 g, then the mass of hydrogen will be (1-0.922 g) = 0.078 g.
To get the empirical formula we divide the mass of each element by the atomic mass to get the number of moles.
Carbon= 0.922/12 = 0.0768 moles
Hydrogen = 0.078/1 = 0.078 moles
Then we get the ratio of the moles of carbon : hydrogen
= 0.0768 : 0.078
= 1 : 1.016
≈ 1: 1
Therefore the empirical formula of the hydrocarbon will be CH
