=The measure of warm and coldness of an object or substances with references to some standard value is known as temperature.
= We measure temperature by Fahrenheit (°F) scale, the Kelvin (K), and the Celsius (°C).
Matter is discontinuous, and it is made of tiny particles called atoms
Explanation:
Matter is not a continuous structure, but it consists of tiny particles called atoms.
An atom consists of three types of particles:
- Proton: the proton is in the nucleus of the atom. it has a positive electric charge of
(also called fundamental charge). Its mass is
.
- Neutron: the neutron is also in the nucleus of the atom, but it has no electric charge. Its mass is similar to the mass of the proton (slightly heavier). Neutrons and protons are held together in the nucleus through the strong nuclear force.
- Electron: electrons are found in a "cloud" outside the nucleus. Electron has negative electric charge equal to
. Its mass is much approximately 1800 times smaller than that of the proton, so it is considered as negligible.
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Answer: -
Volume of NaOH = 461 mL = 461/1000 = 0.461 L
pH = 10.0
Using the relation pH + pOH = 14.00
pOH = 14.00 - 10.00= 4.00
Using the relation
[OH⁻] = 
=
M
Since NaOH is a monobasic acid,
[NaOH] = [OH⁻] =
M
Amount of NaOH = [NaOH] x Volume of NaOH
=
M x 0.461 L
= 4.61 x 10⁻⁵ mol
Molar mass of NaOH = 23 x 1 + 16 x 1 + 1 x1
= 40 g / mol
Mass of NaOH required = 4.61 x 10⁻⁵ mol x 40 g/ mol
= 1.84 x 10⁻³ g