All children had detectable hand nicotine and detectable urinary cotinine. Although hand nicotine and urinary cotinine were highly correlated
Children's standard tobacco smoke publicity consists of both inhalation of secondhand smoke and ingestion, dermal uptake, and inhalation of thirdhand smoke residue from dirt and surfaces in their environments.
Our objective was to evaluate the one-of-a-kind roles of urinary cotinine as a biomarker of recent average and hand nicotine as a marker of kid's touch with nicotine pollution in their environments. We explored the differential institutions of these markers with, parental smoking, toddler , and medical diagnoses.
Records had been accumulated from pediatric emergency department sufferers who lived with a cigarette smoker. Nicotine and urinary cotinine levels had been determined the usage S. dad and mom pronounced tobacco use and infant. medical records were reviewed to assess discharge diagnoses.
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