Draw a reasonable Lewis structure for the substance.
Step 2: Identify each bond as either polar or nonpolar. (If the difference in electronegativity for the atoms in a bond is greater than 0.4, we consider the bond polar. If the difference in electronegativity is less than 0.4, the bond is essentially nonpolar.)
If there are no polar bonds, the molecule is nonpolar.
If the molecule has polar bonds, move on to Step 3.
Step 3: If there is only one central atom, examine the electron groups around it.
If there are no lone pairs on the central atom, and if all the bonds to the central atom are the same, the molecule is nonpolar. (This shortcut is described more fully in the Example that follows.)
If the central atom has at least one polar bond and if the groups bonded to the central atom are not all identical, the molecule is probably polar. Move on to Step 4.
Step 4: Draw a geometric sketch of the molecule.
Step 5: Determine the symmetry of the molecule using the following steps.
Describe the polar bonds with arrows pointing toward the more electronegative element. Use the length of the arrow to show the relative polarities of the different bonds. (A greater difference in electronegativity suggests a more polar bond, which is described with a longer arrow.)
Decide whether the arrangement of arrows is symmetrical or asymmetrical
If the arrangement is symmetrical and the arrows are of equal length, the molecule is nonpolar.
If the arrows are of different lengths, and if they do not balance each other, the molecule is polar.
If the arrangement is asymmetrical, the molecule is polar.
Answer:
Simple Diffusion
In basic terms, diffusion can be defined as the process by which particles spread out. This is generally from an area where they are high in concentration to an area where they are in a lower concentration. This can be understood by thinking of a pan with onions cooking in it. The smell given off by the onions is very concentrated in the top of the pan, above the cooking onions. The molecules, therefore, move into an area when they are in lower concentration, such as the surrounding air. Eventually, the smell spreads throughout the kitchen or even the entire home.
Mixing Diffusion
If two different gases or liquids are close to each other, the process of diffusion causes them to mix together. Imagine two gases separated by a partition. The free-moving gas molecules bounce off the central partition as they whirl around in their container. If the partition is removed, the gases mix as the molecules move around. This is related to the second law of thermodynamics, which states that in a closed system, all things tend toward entropy. “Entropy,” for this purpose, can simply be defined as disorder; therefore, unmixed particles in a closed system tend to mix, or diffuse.
Answer:
The lithosphere is made up of pieces of tectonic plates. These plates are constantly changing and move towards the mantle. Non-stop movement of tectonic plates causes stress on the earth's outermost layer i.e,the crust. When these stresses extends it leads to cause cracks called faults.
Explanation:
The Group 1 elements, which include lithium (Li), sodium<span> (</span>Na) and potassium (K<span>) are also known as the alkali metals. They all </span>have<span> one electron in the outer shell and so they </span>have similar properties<span>.</span>
Answer:
Law of Conservation of Mass.
Is that Right?
