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trapecia [35]
1 year ago
11

Which term is used to describe the histologic characterization of tumor cells?

Biology
1 answer:
denis-greek [22]1 year ago
6 0

Grading is essentially a determination of the level of anaplasia and refers to the histologic characterisation of tumour cells.

<h3>What exactly is a cell tumour?</h3>
  • a mass of tissue that develops abnormally when cells do not die on schedule or expand and divide more often than they should. Cancer-free tumours might be benign or malignant (cancer).
  • Although benign tumours can become enormous, they do not penetrate or spread to surrounding tissues or to other areas of the body.
<h3>What two varieties of tumour cells are there?</h3>
  • There are two types of tumours: benign (noncancerous) and malignant (cancerous).
  • Typically, benign tumours only develop in one location and do not spread.
  • Invading other parts of the body after developing in one location, malignant tumours

learn more about tumour cells here

brainly.com/question/11466857

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Answer:

The various steps in the transcription and translation process of protein synthesis are described below.

Explanation:

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Transcription: It is the first process in protein synthesis which occurs in the cell nucleus where a single-stranded messenger RNA (mRNA) is created using a DNA strand and the genetic instructions in DNA are transferred to this mRNA. The steps in transcription are initiation, elongation, and termination. The beginning process known as initiation occurs when an enzyme RNA polymerase binds to a promoter (region of a gene) and the DNA unwinds. One of the DNA strands acts as a template and the enzyme reads the bases in the template DNA strand.

The next step is elongation, where the RNA polymerase builds a strand of mRNA by the addition of nucleotides using complementary base pairs. Here, adenine (A) in the DNA binds to uracil (U) in the RNA. Termination is the last step in which the transcription process ends when the RNA polymerase comes across a termination sequence in the gene. Thus, the completed single-stranded mRNA detaches from DNA.  

Translation: It is the second process in protein synthesis which occurs in the ribosome of the cell where the genetic information in mRNA is used to create a protein from amino acids. A triplet of nucleotides is called a codon and they define amino acids. There are 64 possible codons and the codon, AUG acts as the start codon which initiates translation in addition to specifying the amino acid methionine. In the initiation step, the first amino acid in the polypeptide chain is brought by transfer RNAs (tRNAs) to bind to the start codon of mRNA. During elongation, each type of tRNAs in the cytoplasm bound to a specific codon on the mRNA template and adds the corresponding amino acid to the polypeptide chain. Stop codons (UAA, UAG, or UGA) terminate protein synthesis and release the polypeptide.

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