Question

identify the subcellular structure of the neuron that forms the basis for the transmission of nerve impulses. (2 points) describe how this structure is arranged under resting conditions before a signal is initiated. (2 points)

Answer 1

The subcellular structures of neuron that forms the basis for transmission of nerve impulses are the synaptic vesicles.

What are the steps in impulse transmission between neurons?

• The action potential or nerve impulse reaches the axon of neuron and depolarises the membrane.
• Voltage gated Calcium channels open .
• Arrival of action potential causes the synaptic vesicle to attach to presynaptic membrane.
• Calcium influx triggers release of neurotransmitter.
• This neurotransmitters bind to postsynaptic membrane and new impulses are created.

Synaptic vesicle under resting condition:

1. The neurotransmitter molecules are stored in synaptic vesicles.
2. If the neurotransmitter leak from the vesicles, they are destroyed by enzymes.
3. During resting condition, they are placed randomly.
4. When an impulse reaches the axon, vesicles are arranged in the presynaptic membrane.

Thus from the above we can conclude that, synaptic vesicles are the subcellular structures in transmission of nerve impulses and , under resting condition they are placed randomly.

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