Question

Alfred Werner (see Problem 23.67) prepared two compounds by heating a solution of PtCl₂ with triethyl phosphine, P(C₂H₅)₃, which is a ligand for Pt. Both compounds have, by mass, Pt, 38.8%; Cl, 14.1%; C, 28.7%; P, 12.4%; and H, 6.02%. Write formulas, structures, and systematic names for the two isomers.

Answer 1

There are three types of structural isomers: chain isomers, functional group isomers and positional isomers. Chain isomers have the same molecular formula but different arrangements or branches. Functional group isomers have the same formula but different functional groups.

Is there a formula for isomers?

In fact, the formula for all alkanes is CnH2n + 2. You have already seen that butane (C4H10) has an isomer, 2-methylpentane. These are the only two isomers of this molecule.

What are the types of structural isomerism with examples?

Butane and isobutane (C4H10) are structural isomers of each other. Pentan-1-ol, pentan-2-ol, and pentan-3-ol are structural isomers that exhibit position isomerism. Cyclohexane and hex-1-ene are examples of functional group structural isomers.

Learn more about structural isomers here:

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