This type of evolution is known as Microevolution.
Microevolution is the gradual shift in allele frequencies within a population. Four separate processes—mutation, natural and artificial selection, gene flow, and genetic drift—are responsible for this shift. Compared to the changes referred to as macroevolution, this transformation occurs over a very brief period of time (in evolutionary terms).
The area of biology known as population genetics offers a mathematical framework for the study of the microevolutionary process. The goal of ecological genetics is to track microevolution in the natural world. Microevolution is frequently seen in visible forms of evolution, such as antibiotic-resistant bacterial strains.
Speciation, which supplies the building blocks for macroevolution, may result from microevolution.
Therefore, the correct answer is Microevolution. The Microevolution in which Anole lizards on tiny, hurricane-ravaged islands evolved shorter legs.
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