The answer is, C) They taught artistic skills to laypeople, we know this is the answer because, well, teaching is a form of contributing to learning. And, monks were pretty good at it. Another reason why we know C is the answer, is because teaching was one of the few ways that monks could contribute to learning since they were not allowed to hold public office or engage in business.
The spread of the Italian innovations and art was spraeding to Europe (THIS IS WHAT SET OFF THE NORTHERN RENAISSANCE, IT WAS LIKE A CONTAGIOUS DISEASE OF INNOVATION)
The cities of italy also grew and expanded in size and in power as well
The fact that leaders get to contest in an election to win the mandate of the people so that they can lead ensures that they are responsive to their wishes. This is because voters will naturally elect people that are sympathetic to their issues
