Question

Is it possible for the entropy of both a closed system and its surroundings to decrease during the process?

Answer 1

Only when heat is transferred from the system to its surroundings does a closed system suffer a decrease in entropy.

Only when heat is transferred from the system to its surroundings does a closed system suffer a decrease in entropy. Every internally reversible operation in a closed system generates entropy. Entropy remains constant in an adiabatic and internally reversible process of a closed system. Isolated systems' entropy cannot diminish.

When a system is not isolated but is in contact with its surroundings, the entropy of the open system may drop, requiring a balancing rise in the entropy of the surroundings. During a process, the entropy of an isolated system constantly increases, or in the case of a reversible process, remains constant (it never decreases).

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