Answer:
Cycads /ˈsaɪkædz/ are seed plants that typically have a stout and woody (ligneous) trunk with a crown of large, hard, stiff, evergreen and (usually) pinnate leaves. The species are dioecious, therefore the individual plants of a species are either male or female. Cycads vary in size from having trunks only a few centimeters to several meters tall. They typically grow very slowly[3] and live very long, with some specimens known to be as much as 1,000 years old.[citation needed] Because of their superficial resemblance, they are sometimes mistaken for palms or ferns, but they are not closely related to either group.
Cycads are gymnosperms (naked seeded), meaning their unfertilized seeds are open to the air to be directly fertilized by pollination, as contrasted with angiosperms, which have enclosed seeds with more complex fertilization arrangements. Cycads have very specialized pollinators, usually a specific species of beetle. Both male and female cycads bear cones (strobili), somewhat similar to conifer cones.
Cycads have been reported to fix nitrogen in association with various cyanobacteria living in the roots (the "coralloid" roots).[4] These photosynthetic bacteria produce a neurotoxin called BMAA that is found in the seeds of cycads. This neurotoxin may enter a human food chain as the cycad seeds may be eaten directly as a source of flour by humans or by wild or feral animals such as bats, and humans may eat these animals. It is hypothesized that this is a source of some neurological diseases in humans.[5][6]
Cycads all over the world are in decline, with four species on the brink of extinction and seven species having fewer than 100 plants left in the wild.[7] The plant has a very long fossil history, with evidence that they existed in greater abundance and in greater diversity before the Jurassic and late Triassic mass extinction events.
Explanation:
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(Jane)
Answer:
Cystitis is most often caused by <em>Escherichia coli.</em> It is a urinary tract infection and can occur due to sexual intercourse too. Women suffers with cystitis more than men as women have shorted urethra and bacteria reaches the bladder faster.
Explanation:
Cystitis is caused by bacteria <em>Escherichia coli </em>and lead to swelling of the bladder. It can also lead to irritation and damage to the bladder. The infected person has the urge to urinate more frequently and has the burning sensation. Cystitis can lead to complications such as blood in the urine and kidney infection. The other types of cystits are drug-induced, intestinal, radiation, and chemical cystitis. It can also develop as a result of diabetes, and kidney stone.
Learn more about the treatment of cystitis here:
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Answer:
A is true..... by law of conservation of energy
I think the answer is spore hope this helps
This statement above is TRUE.
Anthrax is an infection that is caused by the bacteria Bacillus anthracis. The infection is spread by contact with the spores of the bacteria. The bacteria affect the respiratory system and cause the lungs to collapse leading to death.
Some countries have developed anthrax as a weapon of war.
