A critical review of analytical methods in pretreatment of lignocelluloses: Composition, imaging, and crystallinity.
<h3>What is the abstract?</h3>
Lignocelluloses are being studied extensively as renewable substrates for the production of biofuels such as ethanol, methane, hydrogen, and butanol, as well as chemicals such as citric acid, lactic acid, and xanthan gum. However, because lignocelluloses have a recalcitrance structure that makes them resistant to microbial and enzymatic attacks, several physical, thermal, chemical, and biological pretreatment methods have been devised to open up their structure. These pretreatments' efficacy was investigated utilising a number of analytical approaches that addressed their image, composition, crystallinity, degree of polymerization, enzyme adsorption/desorption, and accessibility.
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