The Prototype Model is a theory of <u>graded categorization</u> developed cognitivists such as Rosch (1970), Driven and Taylor (1988) which states that a concept is represented by a prototypical element. Thus, there are certain characteristics that frequently<u> co-occur </u>and lead to the definition of a certain category. It is worth mentioning, that certain members of a category are prototypical and they are not all equal. For example, if we think about the concept furniture, <em>table</em> is more frequently cited than <em>counter or desk</em>.
If we are asked about the concept of water animals for example, we will probably think of fish (they all live in the water, they have fins, they can swim, they can be of different shapes and sizes). Going deeper, if we are asked about the concept of fish, we would probably think about a little, two-fin, orange one and not, at least at first, about a shark or a whale for example, though this depends on our experience.
Bereavement; is the experience of losing a loved one, and is the intense psychological response that often follows grief.
Losing a loved one is the experience of bereavement. Grief, the process and variety of feelings we experience as we progressively come to terms with the loss, is what defines it.
The most frequent illness that can arise from bereavement is depression. Adults who go through a divorce or lose a spouse or kid frequently experience it.
A major depressive illness and between 30 to 50% of post-traumatic stress disorder are both present in about half of those who experience difficult mourning.
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The cross-cultural approach has a propensity to view personality as a universal or etic phenomena that is equally relevant and significant in the cultures being contrasted.
<h3>What does the term "cross-cultural" mean?</h3>
A comparable trend in different domains of cultural analysis is cross-cultural studies.
The study of cross-cultural communication examines the various ways that members of different cultural groups interact with one another (also see cross-cultural communication, interculturalism, intercultural relations, hybridity, cosmopolitanism, transculturation). The discussion of cultural interaction is sometimes referred to as cross-culturalism (See also multiculturalism, cosmopolitanism, transculturation, cultural diversity).
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Two main assumptions of functional theory and conflict theory are Social stability, social integration and social class and gender.
<h3>What are the major assumptions of functional and conflict theories?</h3>
- Functionalism: Social stability is key to have a strong society, and adequate socialization and social integration are necessary to achieve social stability.
- Conflict theory: Society is full of pervasive inequality based on social class, gender, and other factors.
<h3>How can each theory be used to understand the North American international auto show held in Detroit each year?</h3>
The theory, functional theory for instance, can be used to understand it by knowing that Society’s social institutions perform important functions to help ensure social stability. The essence of such show is to bring about social stability
Similarly, Conflict theory can help understand that far-reaching social change is needed to reduce or eliminate social inequality and to create an egalitarian society.
Therefore, while functional theory is used to understand the show for social stability, the other theory, conflict theory, us used to bring about social equality.
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All decisions involve trade-offs. Trade offs are the alternatives one gives up whenever one chooses one course of action leaving out out all other alternative courses of action.
Trade-offs are practically found in all economic decisions. For instance, when one chooses to take a special cup of cappuccino for $330, this excludes spending this amount of cash on tea or fruit juice. When you choose to buy an expensive piece of art, you will have to spend more money towards maintenance and security of the painting. If you decide to work in a far-off city due to better pay there, you spend less time with family and friends in your hometown.
