Answer:
DNP produces the loss of the proton gradient (i.e., the energy of the proton gradient is dissipated in the form of heat instead to produce ATP)
Explanation:
2,4-Dinitrophenol (DNP) acts to shuttle H+ ions across cellular membranes, bypassing the ATP synthase used by mitochondria to generate ATP during cellular respiration. Since DNP is able to bypass ATP synthase, this compound uncouples the phosphorylation of ADP by the ATP synthase from the process of oxidation (i.e., transport of electrons). For example, in muscle cells, DNP may be used to shuttle calcium ions (Ca +) from mitochondrial stores, and free intracellular Ca+ ions are evidenced to produce muscle contraction.
Answer:
1. The observable universe
2. the moon
3. false
4. a black hole
5.
6. moving away from us
7. stretch as the galaxies move away from us
8. expanding
9. cosmic microwave background
Cytoplasm, nucleus, cell membrane, nucleolus, chloroplasts, amyoplast and cell wall
The answer is B. We don't always have exact proof but our observations tell us more than we already know.
