In the form y = ab^x, if b is a number between 0 and 1, the function represents exponential decay.
The term "exponential decay" in mathematics refers to the process of a constant percentage rate reduction in an amount over time. It can be written as y=a(1-b)x, where x is the amount of time that has passed, an is the initial amount, b is the decay factor, and y is the final amount.
Radioactive decay and population decline are two examples of exponential decay. The data collected can be used to forecast future population trends for cities and colonies as well as the half-life of radioactive materials.
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