If about 20% of British children are deficient in vitamin and doctors test a group of elementary school children, the probability that the first vitamin d-deficient child is the 8th one tested is 4.19% determined using geometric distribution formula.
In probability and statistics, geometric distribution refers to the probability that first success would occurs after n number of trials and is given by:
P(X)=q^(x-1)p
Where p is the probability of success and q is (1-p)
In this case,
p=probability of children deficient in vitamin= 0.2
q= probability of children not deficient in vitamin= 0.8
Hence,
P(8)=0.8^(8-1)*0.2= 0.0419
Hence, the probability that 8th child is deficient is 4.19%
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