Under firm-commitment underwriting, the underwriter bears the entire risk that the shares will not be sold to the public at the specified offering price.
What is Underwriter?
Any person who assesses and takes on another party's risk in exchange for payment—which frequently comes in the form of a commission, premium, spread, or interest—is an underwriter. While underwriters work for insurance firms, agents and brokers represent both consumers and insurance companies. The mortgage, insurance, equity, and some prevalent forms of debt security trading are just a few of the financial industries where underwriters play a crucial part. Sometimes referred to as a book runner, a lead underwriter holds this position.
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When the level of output, marginal cost is $1 and average variable cost is $1.50. The firm should "produce no output units".
<h3>What is purely competitive market?</h3>
Perfect competition refers to a fictitious market structure. If there is perfect competition, there are no monopolies.
The following characteristics of this kind of structure are crucial:
- All enterprises sell the same product, which is a homogeneous or commodity good.
- Every business is a price taker, meaning that they have no control over the market price for their goods.
- Market share has no bearing on price adjustments.
- The product being supplied and the pricing each business is seeking with in past, present, or future are all completely or perfectly known to buyers.
- Resources such as labor and capital are totally movable.
- There are no fees for businesses to enter or exit the market.
Each genuine market can be categorized as imperfect since they all occur beyond the level of the ideal competition model.
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Answer:
real HPR is 5.17 %
Explanation:
given data
nominal HPR = 83%
inflation rate = 74%
to find out
What was the real HPR on the bond over the year
solution
we find real interest rate r that is express as
r =
.........................1
here R is nominal rate and i is inflation rate
so put here value
r =
r = 
r = 0.05172
so real HPR is 5.17 %
Answer:
b) The economy is actually harmed as there is a sharp decease in consumer spending.
Explanation:
As a result of the news of a recession people will react by planning for a future that may be bleek financially.
Savings will increase, the greater the fear of recession the more people will save to cushion the impact of recession. There is the possibility of job slow down in economic activities and resultant job losses so extra cash that would have normally been spent will be saved for the rainy day